ABT199/venetoclax synergism with thiotepa enhances cytotoxicity of chemo medication in AML cells

A brand new analysis paper was revealed in Oncotarget’s Quantity 15 on March 14, 2024, entitled, “ABT199/venetoclax synergism with thiotepa enhances the cytotoxicity of fludarabine, cladribine and busulfan in AML cells.”

ABT199/venetoclax, an inhibitor of the pro-survival BCL-2 protein, has improved AML therapy. Its efficacy in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), when mixed with different chemotherapeutic medication, has not been completely investigated. On this new research, researchers Benigno C. Valdez, Bin Yuan, David Murray, Jeremy L. Ramdial, Uday Popat, Yago Nieto, and Borje S. Andersson from The College of Texas MD Anderson Most cancers Heart and the College of Alberta display the synergistic cytotoxicity of ABT199/venetoclax with the DNA alkylator thiotepa (Thio) in AML cells. 

“The outcomes might present related info for the design of medical trials utilizing these medication to avoid acknowledged drug-resistance mechanisms when used as a part of pre-transplant conditioning regimens for AML sufferers present process allogenic HSCT.”

Cleavage of Caspase 3, PARP1 and HSP90, in addition to elevated Annexin V positivity, recommend potent activation of apoptosis by this two-drug mixture; elevated ranges of γ-H2AX, P-CHK1 (S317), P-CHK2 (S19) and P-SMC1 (S957) point out an enhanced DNA harm response. Likewise, the elevated degree of P-SAPK/JNK (T183/Y185) and decreased P-PI3Kp85 (Y458) recommend enhanced activation of stress signaling pathways. These molecular readouts had been synergistically enhanced when ABT199/venetoclax and Thio had been mixed with fludarabine, cladribine and busulfan. 

The five-drug mixture decreased the degrees of BCL-2, BCL-xL and MCL-1, suggesting its potential medical relevance in overcoming ABT199/venetoclax resistance. Furthermore, this mixture is energetic towards P53-negative and FLT3-ITD-positive cell strains. Enhanced activation of apoptosis was noticed in leukemia patient-derived cell samples uncovered to the five-drug mixture, suggesting a medical relevance. 

“The outcomes present a rationale for medical trials utilizing these two- and five-drug mixtures as a part of a conditioning routine for AML sufferers present process HSCT.”